Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park
Champaner is situated about 50 km from Vadodara (Baroda) at the foot of the Pavagadh Hill in the State of Gujarat. The 15th century deserted capital of greater Gujarat was built by great builder Mahmud Begharha, who spent 23 years rebuilding and embellishing Champaner, which he renamed Muhammadabad, after moving the capital there from Ahmedabad.
The town finally succumbed to attacks from the Mughal Emperor Humayun in 1535. The city is now lying buried beneath the forest cover absolutely unexplored. One can find the evidence of the medieval city in its most complete and untouched form.
From all directions it is a stunning introduction to the site of Champaner. Within the impressive natural setting, with the temple of Kalikamata atop the Pavagadh, the rest of the site comprises a few standing structures, fortifications, water tanks, etc. from 8th to 14th century, and the deserted city of Mahmud Begharha at the foot of the hill with a few mosques still surviving the ravages of time.
From the top of Pavagadh Hill, one can see continuous series of flat terraces and steep cliff faces. The entire scene that holds the eye is dotted with walls, bastions and other types of medieval military architecture. Today Champaner is not in the mainstream of activity, only the devout visit and flock in thousands for the blessings of the Kalikamata. Outstanding buildings at this site which are great examples of Gujarat Regional Style of Architecture are:
Jami Masjid is unique and signifies the continuation of the Hindu building traditions and incorporates the new Islamic style. Its entrance- Gatehouse is a forerunner to the Jahangir Style of buildings belonging to the Mughal times constructed in marble. Budhiya Gate - an extraordinary semi- rock cut and constructed gate which resolves successfully the difficult topography and change of levels of the Pavagadh with numerous turns in a labyrinth form to confuse and trap the enemy. |
